SPECTRUM SENSING METHODS IN COGNITIVE RADIO A THESIS SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Bachelor of Technology In Electronics and Communication Engineering Under the aegis of PROF. SARAT KUMAR PATRA by SIDDHARTH JAIN and RAVI

CERTIFICATE This is to certify that the thesis entitles " Spectrum Sensing Methods in Cognitive Radio " submitted by Siddharth Jain (Roll no: 107EC024) and Ravi Baid Jain (Roll no: 107EC026) in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Bachelor of Technology Degree in Electronics and Communication at National Institute of Technology, Rourkela is an authentic work carried out by them under my supervision and guidance. To the best of my knowledge, the matter embodied in thesis has not been submitted to any other university/ institute for the award of any Degree or Diploma. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT We owe the deepest gratitude to Prof. SARAT KUMAR PATRA, (HOD Electronics Dept.), our supervisor on this project, for his guidance and constant support without which this project would not have materialized. He always helped out with our problems and gave us time in spite of his busy schedules, more importantly he motivated us to put in relentless efforts and kept on pushing us for more. members for the invaluable feedback and comments that helped us improve our work. We are indebted to Prof. S. Meher who encouraged us to take a project in wireless field as both of us had keen interest in it. We are also thankful to Research Scholars and M. Tech. students for their cooperation in usage of laboratories and to all our friends who have directly or indirectly helped us with the thesis and project. ABSTRACT Cognitive Radio offers a solution by utilizing the spectrum holes that represent the potential opportunities for non-interfering use of spectrum which requires three main tasks-Spectrum Sensing, Spectrum Analysis and Spectrum Allocation. Spectrum sensing involves obtaining the spectrum usage characteristics across multiple dimensions such as time, space, frequency, and code and determining what type of signals are occupying the spectrum. In this project, OFDM based Cognitive Radio and Spectrum Sensing methods namely Energy Detection Based Spectrum Sensing with Wavelet packet transform and Cyclostationary Spectrum Sensing are discussed.